Real-time Black Hole Rendering in OpenGL

Prerequisite

• cmake
• conan package manager [^1]

[^1]: You might need to configure $HOME/.conan/conan.conf and Conan profiles if the default profile is not generated due to different build environments on your distribution.

Build the code

# Configure the project and generate a native build system.
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -S . -B build

# Compile / build the project.
cmake --build build

Acknowledgements

Papers

• Gravitational Lensing by Spinning Black Holes in Astrophysics, and in the Movie Interstellar
• Trajectory Around A Spherically Symmetric Non-Rotating Black Hole - Sumanta
• Approximating Light Rays In The Schwarzschild Field - O. Semerak
• Implementing a Rasterization Framework for a Black Hole Spacetime - Yoshiyuki Yamashita

Articles

• Physics of oseiskar.github.io/black-hole - https://oseiskar.github.io/black-hole/docs/physics.html
• Schwarzschild geodesics - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_geodesics
• Photons and black holes - https://flannelhead.github.io/posts/2016-03-06-photons-and-black-holes.html
• A real-time simulation of the visual appearance of a Schwarzschild Black Hole - http://spiro.fisica.unipd.it/~antonell/schwarzschild/
• Ray Tracing a Black Hole in C# by Mikolaj Barwicki - https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/994466/Ray-Tracing-a-Black-Hole-in-Csharp
• Ray Marching and Signed Distance Functions - http://jamie-wong.com/2016/07/15/ray-marching-signed-distance-functions/
• Einstein's Rings and the Fabric of Space - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rl8H4XEs0hw)
• Opus 2, GLSL ray tracing tutorial - http://fhtr.blogspot.com/2013/12/opus-2-glsl-ray-tracing-tutorial.html
• Ray Tracing in One Weekend - https://raytracing.github.io/
• On ray casting, ray tracing, ray marching and the like - http://hugi.scene.org/online/hugi37/- hugi%2037%20-%20coding%20adok%20on%20ray%20casting,%20ray%20tracing,%20ray%20marching%20and%20the%20like.htm

Other GitHub Projects

• https://github.com/sirxemic/Interstellar
• https://github.com/ssloy/tinyraytracer
• https://github.com/RayTracing/raytracing.github.io
• https://awesomeopensource.com/projects/raytracing
• Ray-traced simulation of a black hole - https://github.com/oseiskar/black-hole
• Raytracing a blackhole - https://rantonels.github.io/starless/
• https://github.com/rantonels/schwarzschild