Multiple undefined references in libboost_python3.so

[m-morelli]

Hello, I'm on Debian 10, where I've installed libboost-python1.67-dev. I need to build cv_bridge as a dependency for navigation2 (foxy version). I have ros2 foxy installed from sources in my machine and properly sourced in the terminal where I do build cv_bridge.

Below [1] is what I get. Any idea of how to solve?

Thanks in advance. Matteo

[1] ~/nav2_depend_ws$ colcon build --symlink-install Starting >>> camera_calibration_parsers Starting >>> cv_bridge Finished <<< camera_calibration_parsers [0.37s]
Starting >>> bond --- stderr: cv_bridge
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_InternFromString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_FromLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyModule_Create2' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceRemainder' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PySlice_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyList_Sort' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_SetAttrString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyType_IsSubtype' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyList_Insert' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_RuntimeError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyComplex_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Copy' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyEval_CallFunction' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Size' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyStaticMethod_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyList_Reverse' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_NoMemory' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to _Py_fopen' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_FromString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyBaseObject_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyList_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyModule_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceLshift' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyBytes_AsString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Keys' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Subtract' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_DelItem' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceMultiply' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to _PyType_Lookup' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_Clear' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyCallable_Check' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Xor' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_ExceptionMatches' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyMethod_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyBytes_Size' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Or' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_AsSsize_t' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceOr' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_TypeError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyComplex_RealAsDouble' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_SetObject' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_AsUnsignedLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyType_Ready' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_IsTrue' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Add' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyTuple_GetItem' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Clear' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_Size' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_RichCompare' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_AsLongLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyBool_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Multiply' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_AsWideChar' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_WarnEx' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_Call' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_GetAttr' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyTuple_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceFloorDivide' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyCFunction_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_GetItem' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyMethod_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyTuple_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_AsUTF8' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceRshift' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_AttributeError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_Occurred' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyWeakref_NewRef' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Remainder' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyComplex_ImagAsDouble' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_AsUTF8String' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_ValueError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_FromFormat' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_And' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyImport_ImportModule' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_OverflowError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyRun_FileExFlags' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_CallFunction' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_SetString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_IsInstance' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyList_Append' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyMem_Free' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyType_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyProperty_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Values' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_ClearWeakRefs' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to _PyObject_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to _Py_NoneStruct' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyRun_StringFlags' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceAdd' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_NewException' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to _Py_NotImplementedStruct' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_GetItem' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyEval_GetGlobals' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_ReferenceError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_SetItem' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Items' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_GetItemString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Lshift' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyBool_FromLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_AsLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyFloat_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_IndexError' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_Rshift' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_FloorDivide' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceSubtract' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyIter_Next' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyExc_StopIteration' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyType_GenericAlloc' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyDict_Update' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_CallMethod' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceAnd' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_GetAttrString' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyMem_Malloc' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyList_New' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyErr_Format' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyObject_SetAttr' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyNumber_InPlaceXor' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyCFunction_NewEx' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyLong_FromUnsignedLong' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to PyStaticMethod_Type' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python3.so: undefined reference to `PyTuple_Size' collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make[2]: *** [test/CMakeFiles/cv_bridge-utest.dir/build.make:197: test/cv_bridge-utest] Error 1 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:290: test/CMakeFiles/cv_bridge-utest.dir/all] Error 2 make: *** [Makefile:160: all] Error 2

Failed <<< cv_bridge [0.56s, exited with code 2] Aborted <<< bond [0.37s]

Summary: 1 package finished [1.02s] 1 package failed: cv_bridge 1 package aborted: bond 1 package had stderr output: cv_bridge 17 packages not processed

[nplan]

@m-morelli I have the same issue, also runing Debian 10 (arm) with libboost-python-1.67-dev installed. Did you figure it out?

[svengit]

@nplan @m-morelli I had the same issue, explicitly linking to python3.7 fixed it for me:

colcon build --symlink-install --packages-select image_transport cv_bridge --cmake-args "-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_LIBRARIES=-lpython3.7m" --cmake-force-configure

[svengit]

Short follow-up: Adding ${PYTHON_LIBRARIES} to target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}-utest) here: https://github.com/ros-perception/vision_opencv/blob/2026f6d66833e0830f9ce69004d43c9abd1e5fa4/cv_bridge/test/CMakeLists.txt#L22-L25 properly fixes this problem.

[nplan]

@svengit I tried your solutions and both of them fixed the problem. Thanks. Maybe you should open a pull request.

[jdcdp]

See #318 . I had the same problem but as of today it does not happen any more. Rebuilding ros2 and vision_opencv gives no compilation errors. Could you check whether the issue was solved?

[akshitj1]

@jdcdp Same issue occured with me, while building on fedora. I am now able to build successfully by using fix on #318. ie. target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${PYTHON_LIBRARIES} ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ${OpenCV_LIBRARIES}) I think #318 may have been closed prematurely.