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gh-125916: Allow functools.reduces 'initial' to be a keyword argument

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## Before: ```python from functools import reduce from operator import sub >>> reduce(sub, [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8], 21) 1 >>> reduce(sub, [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8], initial=21)...

sayandipdutta

Lack of type checks in asyncio.Future can cause crash or the ability to craft malicious objects

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# Crash report ### What happened? In `Modules/_asynciomodule.c` the `_asyncio_Future_remove_done_callback_impl` function has a section where it retrieves an item from a list and then immediately assumes it's a tuple without...

Nico-Posada

gh-125887: Update PyObject_HasAttr exception behavior

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Resolve #125887 * Issue: gh-125887 ---- 📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://cpython-previews--125907.org.readthedocs.build/

Damien-Chen

GH-125837: Rework the instructions for loading constants and returning values.

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Adds: * `RETURN_VALUE_FUNC` * `RETURN_VALUE_GEN` * `INSTRUMENTED_RETURN_VALUE_FUNC` * `INSTRUMENTED_RETURN_VALUE_GEN` * `LOAD_CONST_IMMORTAL` Removes: * `RETURN_VALUE` * `RETURN_CONST` * `INSTRUMENTED_RETURN_VALUE` * `INSTRUMENTED_RETURN_CONST` * Issue: gh-125837

markshannon

gh-125842: Fix `sys.exit(0xffff_ffff)` on Windows

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On Windows, `long` is a signed 32-bit integer so it can't represent `0xffff_ffff` without overflow. Windows exit codes are unsigned 32-bit integers, so if a child process exits with `-1`,...

colesbury

python versions of bisect_right and bisect_left can fail guarantees

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# Bug report ### Bug description: The [documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/library/bisect.html) for [bisect.bisect_right](https://docs.python.org/3/library/bisect.html#bisect.bisect_right) and [bisect.bisect_left]( https://docs.python.org/3/library/bisect.html#bisect.bisect_left) states in both cases that >The returned insertion point ip partitions the array a into two slices...

mike-neergaard

gh-125783: Add tests to prevent regressions with the combination of `ctypes` and metaclasses.

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I would like to backport this to 3.12 and 3.13 as well. * Issue: gh-125783

junkmd

gh-125420: implement `Sequence.__reversed__` API on `memoryview` objects

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* Issue: gh-125420

picnixz

gh-125666: Avoid PyREPL exiting when a null byte is in input

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This PR adds a guard against `SyntaxError.lineno` being `None` in `code.InteractiveInterpreter._showtraceback`, which should avoid `PyREPL` exiting the interpreter when a null byte is present in the input. Not sure both...

devdanzin

gh-125610: Fix `STORE_ATTR_INSTANCE_VALUE` specialization check

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The `STORE_ATTR_INSTANCE_VALUE` opcode doesn't support objects with non-NULL managed dictionaries, so don't specialize to that op in that case. * Issue: gh-125610

colesbury