Joe Pacold

Move utility functions _inverse_pattern and _get_ordered_swap to Rust

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### Summary This PR starts addressing #12225. I moved the implementations of two functions from [qiskit/synthesis/permutation/permutation_utils.py](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/blob/d10f9a0fe1f73cde5b66e49af880a6f7816f131f/qiskit/synthesis/permutation/permutation_utils.py) to Rust. ### Details and comments * Created [permutation.rs](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/compare/main...jpacold:qiskit:main#diff-791e0107a3002abbb1b7fad2dddd59e6f0ce84dbea6c8e67c9a2f77e15cd403d) * I added some checks...

[WIP] Louvain algorithm for undirected graphs

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I finally had some time to work on #1141, so far only on the Rust side and only for undirected graphs. Opening this for feedback on how the Rust code...

Add dynamical phase transitions tutorial

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## Description Wrote a tutorial notebook to close #1795. The tutorial follows [this paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08318), roughly reproducing Fig. 2 (e) and (f). The main difference is that I did much coarser...