Performance Problem with random

[amyAMeQ]

While diagnosing why some of our tests are so slow, I discovered the culprit for us is with random(). We have a function:

public static function randomApiUser(): ApiUser
    {
        $user = self::random()->object();
        return new ApiUser($user);
    }

And it was making tests take five times as long as when we didn't use it.

After poking around, I noticed that rather than getting X random records, it's getting ALL of them and then getting random ones from that.

public function randomRange(int $min, int $max, array $attributes = []): array
    {
        if ($min < 0) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(\sprintf('$min must be positive (%d given).', $min));
        }

        if ($max < $min) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(\sprintf('$max (%d) cannot be less than $min (%d).', $max, $min));
        }

        $all = \array_values($this->findBy($attributes));

        \shuffle($all);

        if (\count($all) < $max) {
            throw new \RuntimeException(\sprintf('At least %d "%s" object(s) must have been persisted (%d persisted).', $max, $this->getClassName(), \count($all)));
        }

        return \array_slice($all, 0, \random_int($min, $max)); // @phpstan-ignore-line
    }

I think it would be more performant if the code used something like this to just get random records from the database (with the appropriate attribute filters):

SELECT * 
FROM table_name
ORDER BY RAND()
LIMIT 1;

I am willing to do a PR for this if you would like.