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A curated list by the team at Zama of blog posts, libraries, research papers, and tutorials on Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE).

Table of contents

• Libraries and solutions
• Demos
• Tutorials
  • TFHE-rs
  • Concrete
  • Concrete ML
  • fhEVM
• Blog posts
  • Product releases
  • Announcements
  • Engineering articles
• Research papers and publications
• Talks and posters
  

Libraries and solutions

Zama's FHE libraries and solutions.

• TFHE-rs: A pure Rust implementation of the TFHE scheme for Boolean and integer arithmetics over encrypted data.
• Concrete: TFHE compiler that converts python programs into FHE equivalents.
• Concrete ML: Privacy-preserving ML framework built on top of Concrete, with bindings to traditional ML frameworks.
• fhEVM: A confidential smart contracts protocol for the EVM using homomorphic encryption.
• Zama Bounty Program and Grant Program: Contribute to Zama's open source libraries and get rewarded. More than €500,000 available in prizes.
  

Demos

Demos by Zama sorted by date

• Encrypted credit card approval prediction using FHE
• Encrypted sentiment analysis using Homomorphic Encryption
• Encrypted health prediction using FHE
• Encrypted image filtering using homomorphic encryption
  

Tutorials

Tutorials by the Zama team sorted by date

TFHE-rs

• [Video tutorial] Implement signed integers using TFHE-rs - November 2023
• Boolean SHA256 using TFHE-rs - July 2023
• Dark market application using TFHE-rs - July 2023
• Regular expression engine with TFHE-rs - June 2023

Concrete

• [Video tutorial]Compile composable functions with Concrete - February 2024
• The encrypted Game of Life in Python using concrete - November 2023
• [Video tutorial] How to use dynamic table look-ups using Concrete - November 2023
• [Video tutorial] Dive into Concrete - Zama's Fully Homomorphic Encryption compiler - October 2023
• [Video tutorial] How to get started with Concrete - Zama's Fully Homomorphic Encryption compiler - July 2023
• Encrypted key-value database using homomorphic encryption - March 2023
• The Game of Life: Rebooted - August 2022
• Encrypted search using fully homomorphic encryption - February 2022

Concrete ML

• Build an end-to-end encrypted Shazam application using Concrete ML - February 2024
• [Video tutorial] Train a linear classifier on encrypted data using Concrete ML and Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) - February 2024
• Linear regression over encrypted data with homomorphic encryption - June 2023
• Comparison of Concrete ML regressors - June 2023
• [Video tutorial]How to convert a scikit-learn model into its homomorphic equivalent - June 2023
• How to deploy a machine learning model with Concrete ML - May 2023
• Encrypted image filtering using homomorphic encryption - February 2023
• Sentiment analysis over encrypted data - November 2022
• Titanic competition with privacy-preserving machine learning - August 2022

fhEVM

• Build an encrypted wordle game onchain using FHE and Zama's fhEVM
• [Video tutorial] Accelerate your code testing and get code coverage using fhEVM mocks - January 2024
• Programmable privacy and onchain compliance using Homomorphic Encryption - November 2023
• [Video tutorial] Use the CMUX operator on Zama’s fhEVM - October 2023
• Confidential DAO voting using Homomorphic Encryption
• [Video tutorial] How to write confidential smart contracts using Zama's fhEVM - October 2023
• Onchain blind auctions using FHE - July 2023
• Confidential ERC-20 tokens using Homomorphic Encryption and the fhEVM - June 2023
• Private smart contract using FHE - May 2023
  

Blog posts

Zama's blog posts sorted by date

Product releases

• Zama Product Releases - January 2024
• Zama Product Releases - October 2023
• Zama Product Releases - July 2023
• Zama Product Releases - April 2023
• Zama product Releases - January 2023
• Zama Product Releases - October 2022
• Zama product Releases - July 2022
• Zama Product Releases - April 2022

Announcements

• The Zama FHE Master Plan - March 2024
• Introducing the Zama Grant Program and launching the Zama Bounty Program season 5 - February 2024
• Zama Bounty Program Season 3 - May 2023
• Zama Bounty Program Season 4: New Bounties Available - September 2023
• Zama Bounty Program Season 2 - February 2023
• Launching the Zama Bounty Program with over €500,000 in prizes - November 2022
• How We Monetize Open Source at Zama - August 2022
• How We Hire at Zama - October 2021

Engineering articles

• Training predictive models on encrypted data using Fully Homomorphic Encryption - March 2024
• Hybrid large language models to improve on-premise deployments with Concrete ML - October 2023
• The architecture of Concrete, Zama's Fully Homomorphic Encryption compiler leveraging MLIR - October 2023
• Concrete - Zama's FHE compiler - May 2023
• Making chatGPT encrypted end-to-end - April 2023
• 360 privacy for machine learning with FHE - December 2022
• Bootstrapping for dummies - November 2022
• FHE and quantum cryptography - October 2022
• FHE as a puzzle piece - January 2023
• TFHE deep dive part 4 - June 2022
• TFHE deep dive part 3 - May 2022
• TFHE deep dive part 2 - May 2022
• TFHE deep dive part 1 - May 2022
• Estimating the security of homomorphic encryption schemes - December 2021
• Homomorphic Encryption 101 - December 2021
• A homomorphic FPGA implementation of the Intel 4004 — Part 1 - November 2021
• People should not care about privacy - August 2021
  

Research papers and publications

Research papers and publications by the Zama team sorted by date

• The key lattice framework for concurrent group messaging [ePrint version] - March 2024 - ACNS 2024
• A new approach to efficient and secure fixed-point computation [ePrint version] - March 2024 - ACNS 2024
• Neural network training on encrypted data with TFHE [arXiv version] - January 2024 - arXiv
• Computing e-th roots in number fields [arXiv version] - January 2024 - ALENEX 2024
• MPC with delayed parties over star-like networks [ePrint version] - December 2023 - ASIACRYPT 2023
• Practical and efficient FHE-based MPC [ePrint version] - December 2023 - IMACC 2023
• ZK-for-Z2K: MPC-in-the-head zero-knowledge proofs for Z_{2^k} [ePrint version] - December 2023 - IMACC 2023
• Multiparty computation: To secure privacy, do the math - November 2023 - ACM Queue
• Trivial transciphering with Trivium and TFHE [ePrint version] - November 2023 - WAHC 2023
• Noah's ark: Efficient threshold-FHE using noise flooding [ePrint version] - November 2023 - WAHC 2023
• Improved distributed RSA key generation using the Miller-Rabin test - November 2023 - CCS 2023
• Updatable privacy-preserving blueprints [ePrint version] - November 2023 - ePrint Archive
• SoK: Privacy-enhancing technologies in finance [ePrint version] - October 2023 - AFT 2023
• fhEVM - Confidential EVM Smart Contracts using Fully Homomorphic Encryption - September 2023 - White paper
• On the precision loss in approximate homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - August 2023 - SAC 2023
• Attribute-based single sign-on: Secure, private, and efficient [ePrint version] - July 2023 - PoPETs 2023
• Computing on encrypted data - July 2023 - IEEE Security & Privacy
• Faster secret keys for (T)FHE [ePrint version] - June 2023 - ePrint Archive
• Deep neural networks for encrypted inference with TFHE [ePrint version] - June 2023 - CSCML 2023
• Parameter optimization & larger precision for (T)FHE [ePrint version] - ‍June 2023 - Journal of Cryptology
• Topical Collection on Computing on Encrypted Data - June 2023 - Journal of Cryptology
• Vector commitments with short proofs of smallness [ePrint version] - May 2023 - ePrint Archive
• POLKA: Towards leakage-resistant post-quantum CCA-secure public-key encryption [ePrint version] - ‍May 2023 - PKC 2023
• On-line/Off-line DCR-based homomorphic encryption and applications [ePrint version] - April 2023 - CT-RSA 2023
• TFHE public-key encryption revisited [ePrint version] - April 2023 - ePrint Archive
• Lightweight asynchronous verifiable secret sharing with optimal resilience [ePrint version] - April 2023 - ePrint Archive
• Differential fault analysis ‍‍‍- March 2023 - Encyclopedia of Cryptography, Security and Privacy
• Improving convergence and practicality of slide-type reductions [ePrint version] - March 2023 - Information and Computation
• Privacy-preserving tree-based inference with TFHE [ePrint version] - February 2023 - ePrint Archive
• On side-channel and CVO attacks against TFHE and FHEW [ePrint version] - December 2022 - ePrint Archive
• FINAL: Faster FHE instantiated with NTRU and LWE [ePrint version] - ‍December 2022 - ASIACRYPT 2022
• The key lattice framework for concurrent group messaging [ePrint version] - November 2022 - ePrint Archive
• Liberating TFHE: Programmable bootstrapping with general quotient polynomials [ePrint version] - November 2022 - WAHC 2022
• SoK: Fully homomorphic encryption over the [discretized] torus [ePrint version] - September 2022 - CHES 2022
• Scooby: Improved multi-party homomorphic secret sharing based on FHE [ePrint version] - September 2022 - SCN 2022
• On NTRU-ν-um modulo Xᴺ-1 [ePrint version] - August 2022 - ePrint Archive
• Fast computation of the octic residue symbol - ‍August 2022 - NutMiC 2022
• Secure branching program evaluation [ePrint version] - August 2022 - ePrint Archive
• Blind rotation in fully homomorphic encryption with extended keys - June 2022 - CSCML 2022
• CoCoA: Concurrent continuous group key agreement [ePrint version] - May 2022 - Eurocrypt 2022
• Towards globally optimized hybrid homomorphic encryption: Featuring the Elisabeth stream cipher [ePrint version] - February 2022 - ePrint Archive
• A pairing-free signature scheme from correlation intractable hash function and strong Diffie-Hellman assumption [ePrint version] - January 2022 - CT-RSA 2022
• Balanced non-adjacent forms [ePrint version] - December 2021 - ASIACRYPT 2021
• Improved programmable bootstrapping with larger precision and efficient arithmetic circuits for TFHE [ePrint version] - December 2021 - ASIACRYPT 2021
• Grafting key trees: Efficient key management for overlapping groups [ePrint version] - November 2021 - TCC 2021
• The cost of adaptivity in security games on graphs [ePrint version] - November 2021 - TCC 2021
• Ultrafast homomorphic encryption models enable secure outsourcing of genotype imputation [bioRxiv version] - November 2021 - Cell Systems
• Primary elements in cyclotomic fields with applications to power residue symbols, and more [ePrint version] - August 2021 - ePrint Archive
• Programmable bootstrapping enables efficient homomorphic inference of deep neural networks [ePrint version] - July 2021 - CSCML 2021
• The eleventh power residue symbol [ePrint version] - January 2021 - Journal of Mathematical Cryptology
• CONCRETE: Concrete Operates oN Ciphertexts Rapidly by Extending TfhE - December 2020 - WAHC 2020
• SANNS: Scaling up secure approximate k-nearest neighbors search - August 2020 - USENIX 2020
  

Talks and posters

Talks and posters by the Zama team sorted by date

• Privacy-preserving tree-based inference with TFHE - August 2023 - PPML 2023
• Privacy Preserving Machine Learning With Fully Homomorphic Encryption - April 2023 — Stanford Security Seminar
• Recent advances in homomorphic compilation - ‍‍March 2023 — FHE.org 2023
• On NTRU-ν-um modulo Xᴺ-1 - ‍March 2023 — FHE.org 2023
• Private smart contracts using homomorphic encryption - ‍March 2023 — FHE.org 2023
• Fully homomorphic encryption for user privacy and model intellectual property protection - ‍March 2023 — FHE.org 2023
• Presenting Concrete ML at Google tech talks - January 2023
• Fast, easy, and accessible FHE with Concrete and specialized accelerators - May 2022 — FHE.org 2022
• Concrete ML: A data-scientist-friendly toolkit for machine learning over encrypted data - May 2022 — FHE.org 2022
• Performance of hierarchical transforms in homomorphic encryption: A case study on logistic regression inference - May 2022 — FHE.org 2022
• Hybrid attacks on LWE and the lattice estimator - May 2022 — FHE.org 2022
• New challenges for fully homomorphic encryption - December 2020 — PPML 2020