fix #12374: do not hyphenate or omit CSS variables in style attribute

[fieteboerner]

close #12374

This PR adds a specific test for CSS variables and solves the issue. So it behaves the same as the vue browser renderer.

What kind of change does this PR introduce? (check at least one)

• [x] Bugfix
• [ ] Feature
• [ ] Code style update
• [ ] Refactor
• [ ] Build-related changes
• [ ] Other, please describe:

Does this PR introduce a breaking change? (check one)

• [ ] Yes
• [x] No

If yes, please describe the impact and migration path for existing applications:

The PR fulfills these requirements:

• [ ] It's submitted to the dev branch for v2.x (or to a previous version branch), not the master branch
• [ ] When resolving a specific issue, it's referenced in the PR's title (e.g. fix #xxx[,#xxx], where "xxx" is the issue number)
• [ ] All tests are passing: https://github.com/vuejs/vue/blob/dev/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md#development-setup
• [ ] New/updated tests are included

If adding a new feature, the PR's description includes:

• [ ] A convincing reason for adding this feature (to avoid wasting your time, it's best to open a suggestion issue first and wait for approval before working on it)

Other information: