Convert many examples to TypeScript

[maxproske]

Strategized with @balazsorban44 to open one larger PR, with changes to individual examples as separate commits.

For each example, I researched how multiple realworld codebases use the featured technology with TypeScript, to thoughtfully convert them by hand - nothing automated whatsoever.

Documentation / Examples

• [X] Make sure the linting passes by running pnpm lint
• [X] The "examples guidelines" are followed from our contributing doc