CI job with build matrix of different cmake options

[ailzhang]

Currently our build system supports multiple configs like TI_WITH_LLVM, TI_WITH_VULKAN etc, but we only test a few combos of them in CI pipeline. It'd be nice if we can add a CI job that builds taichi with different build configurations and probably just do a light test like ti diagnose. It'll be beneficial for AOT release as well as keeping our build system sane during refactors.

related: #4832

cc: @feisuzhu @jim19930609

Of course it's almost impossible to exhaustively test all the combinations so listing a few configs that we care the most

• [ ] TI_WITH_LLVM
• [ ] TI_WITH_OPENGL
• [ ] TI_WITH_VULKAN
• [ ] TI_WITH_CUDA
• [ ] TI_BUILD_TESTS
• [ ] TI_WITH_C_API

[feisuzhu]

This may be prohibitively expensive at the moment so I'm planning to enable it after the refactor of build pipeline and adding new buildbots.