Simple constant propagation AST-based analysis

[jeshecdom]

Issue

Closes #716.

The solution is able to detect not only division by zero problems, but any kind of problem that depends on variable tracing, like null dereferencings, number overflows. Although, I need to add testing for all the other possibilities.

Checklist

• [ ] I have updated CHANGELOG.md
• [X] I have added tests to demonstrate the contribution is correctly implemented: this usually includes both positive and negative tests, showing the happy path(s) and featuring intentionally broken cases
• [X] I have run all the tests locally and no test failure was reported
• [X] I have run the linter, formatter and spellchecker
• [X] I did not do unrelated and/or undiscussed refactorings