When i use run with python3, ImportError occured

[evan-hwang]

ImportError : cannot import name 'GraphQLError' from 'graphql'

Describe the Bug

It works well when executed with poetry run app.main:main. However, when executing with python3 app/main.py, the following Import Error occurs.

Error occured code line

Traceback

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1176, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1147, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 690, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 940, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/evanhwang/dev/ai-hub/hub-api/app/bootstrap/admin/bootstrapper.py", line 4, in <module>
    from app.bootstrap.admin.router import AdminRouter
  File "/Users/evanhwang/dev/ai-hub/hub-api/app/bootstrap/admin/router.py", line 3, in <module>
    import strawberry
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from . import experimental, federation, relay
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/federation/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .argument import argument
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/federation/argument.py", line 3, in <module>
    from strawberry.arguments import StrawberryArgumentAnnotation
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/arguments.py", line 18, in <module>
    from strawberry.annotation import StrawberryAnnotation
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/annotation.py", line 23, in <module>
    from strawberry.custom_scalar import ScalarDefinition
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/custom_scalar.py", line 19, in <module>
    from strawberry.exceptions import InvalidUnionTypeError
  File "/Users/evanhwang/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/hub-api-UM7sgzi1-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/strawberry/exceptions/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from graphql import GraphQLError
ImportError: cannot import name 'GraphQLError' from 'graphql' (/Users/evanhwang/dev/ai-hub/hub-api/app/graphql/__init__.py)

System Information

• Operating System: Mac Ventura 13.5.1(22G90)
• Strawberry Version (if applicable): Entered in pyproject.toml as follows:

strawberry-graphql = {extras = ["debug-server", "fastapi"], version = "^0.217.1"}

pyproject.toml

##############################################################################
# poetry 종속성 설정
# - https://python-poetry.org/docs/managing-dependencies/#dependency-groups
# - 기본적으로 PyPI에서 종속성을 찾습니다.
##############################################################################
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "3.11.*"
fastapi = "^0.103.2"
uvicorn = "^0.23.2"
poethepoet = "^0.24.0"
requests = "^2.31.0"
poetry = "^1.6.1"
sqlalchemy = "^2.0.22"
sentry-sdk = "^1.32.0"
pydantic-settings = "^2.0.3"
psycopg2-binary = "^2.9.9"
cryptography = "^41.0.4"
python-ulid = "^2.2.0"
ulid = "^1.1"
redis = "^5.0.1"
aiofiles = "^23.2.1"
pyyaml = "^6.0.1"
python-jose = "^3.3.0"
strawberry-graphql = {extras = ["debug-server", "fastapi"], version = "^0.217.1"}

[tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
pytest = "^7.4.0"
pytest-mock = "^3.6.1"
httpx = "^0.24.1"
poetry = "^1.5.1"
sqlalchemy = "^2.0.22"
redis = "^5.0.1"
mypy = "^1.7.0"
types-aiofiles = "^23.2.0.0"
types-pyyaml = "^6.0.12.12"
commitizen = "^3.13.0"
black = "^23.3.0" # fortmatter
isort = "^5.12.0" # import 정렬
pycln = "^2.1.5" # unused import 정리
ruff = "^0.0.275" # linting

##############################################################################
# poethepoet
# - https://github.com/nat-n/poethepoet
# - poe를 통한 태스크 러너 설정
##############################################################################
types-requests = "^2.31.0.20240106"
pre-commit = "^3.6.0"


[tool.poe.tasks.format-check-only]
help = "Check without formatting with 'pycln', 'black', 'isort'."
sequence = [
    {cmd = "pycln --check ."},
    {cmd = "black --check ."},
    {cmd = "isort --check-only ."}
]

[tool.poe.tasks.format]
help = "Run formatter with 'pycln', 'black', 'isort'."
sequence = [
    {cmd = "pycln -a ."},
    {cmd = "black ."},
    {cmd = "isort ."}
]

[tool.poe.tasks.lint]
help = "Run linter with 'ruff'."
cmd = "ruff ."

[tool.poe.tasks.type-check]
help = "Run type checker with 'mypy'"
cmd = "mypy ."

[tool.poe.tasks.clean]
help = "Clean mypy_cache, pytest_cache, pycache..."
cmd = "rm -rf .coverage .mypy_cache .pytest_cache **/__pycache__"


##############################################################################
# isort
# - https://pycqa.github.io/isort/
# - python import 정렬 모듈 설정
##############################################################################
[tool.isort]
profile = "black"


##############################################################################
# ruff
# - https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff
# - Rust 기반 포맷터, 린터입니다.
##############################################################################
[tool.ruff]
select = [
    "E",  # pycodestyle errors
    "W",  # pycodestyle warnings
    "F",  # pyflakes
    "C",  # flake8-comprehensions
    "B",  # flake8-bugbear
    # "T20", # flake8-print
]
ignore = [
    "E501",  # line too long, handled by black
    "E402",  # line too long, handled by black
    "B008",  # do not perform function calls in argument defaults
    "C901",  # too complex
]

[tool.commitizen]

##############################################################################
# mypy 설정
# - https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
# - 정적 타입 체크를 수행합니다.
##############################################################################
[tool.mypy]
python_version = "3.11"
packages=["app"]
exclude=["tests"]
ignore_missing_imports = true
show_traceback = true
show_error_codes = true
disable_error_code="misc, attr-defined"
follow_imports="skip"

#strict = false

# 다음은 --strict에 포함된 여러 옵션들입니다.
warn_unused_configs = true  # mypy 설정에서 사용되지 않은 [mypy-<pattern>] config 섹션에 대해 경고를 발생시킵니다. (증분 모드를 끄려면 --no-incremental 사용 필요)
disallow_any_generics = false  # 명시적인 타입 매개변수를 지정하지 않은 제네릭 타입의 사용을 금지합니다. 예를 들어, 단순히 x: list와 같은 코드는 허용되지 않으며 항상 x: list[int]와 같이 명시적으로 작성해야 합니다.
disallow_subclassing_any = true  # 클래스가 Any 타입을 상속할 때 오류를 보고합니다. 이는 기본 클래스가 존재하지 않는 모듈에서 가져올 때( --ignore-missing-imports 사용 시) 또는 가져오기 문에 # type: ignore 주석이 있는 경우에 발생할 수 있습니다.
disallow_untyped_calls = true  # 타입 어노테이션이 없는 함수 정의에서 함수 호출시 오류를 보고합니다.
disallow_untyped_defs = false  # 타입 어노테이션이 없거나 불완전한 타입 어노테이션이 있는 함수 정의를 보고합니다. (--disallow-incomplete-defs의 상위 집합)
disallow_incomplete_defs = false  # 부분적으로 주석이 달린 함수 정의를 보고합니다. 그러나 완전히 주석이 달린 정의는 여전히 허용됩니다.
check_untyped_defs = true  # 타입 어노테이션이 없는 함수의 본문을 항상 타입 체크합니다. (기본적으로 주석이 없는 함수의 본문은 타입 체크되지 않습니다.) 모든 매개변수를 Any로 간주하고 항상 Any를 반환값으로 추정합니다.
disallow_untyped_decorators = true  # 타입 어노테이션이 없는 데코레이터를 사용할 때 오류를 보고합니다.
warn_redundant_casts = true  # 코드가 불필요한 캐스트를 사용하는 경우 오류를 보고합니다. 캐스트가 안전하게 제거될 수 있는 경우 경고가 발생합니다.
warn_unused_ignores = false  # 코드에 실제로 오류 메시지를 생성하지 않는 # type: ignore 주석이 있는 경우 경고를 발생시킵니다.
warn_return_any = false  # Any 타입을 반환하는 함수에 대해 경고를 발생시킵니다.
no_implicit_reexport = true  # 기본적으로 모듈에 가져온 값은 내보내진 것으로 간주되어 mypy는 다른 모듈에서 이를 가져오도록 허용합니다. 그러나 이 플래그를 사용하면 from-as를 사용하거나 __all__에 포함되지 않은 경우 내보내지 않도록 동작을 변경합니다.
strict_equality = true  # mypy는 기본적으로 42 == 'no'와 같은 항상 거짓인 비교를 허용합니다. 이 플래그를 사용하면 이러한 비교를 금지하고 비슷한 식별 및 컨테이너 확인을 보고합니다. (예: from typing import Text)
extra_checks = true  # 기술적으로는 올바르지만 실제 코드에서 불편할 수 있는 추가적인 검사를 활성화합니다. 특히 TypedDict 업데이트에서 부분 중첩을 금지하고 Concatenate를 통해 위치 전용 인자를 만듭니다.

# pydantic 플러그인 설정 하지 않으면 가짜 타입 오류 발생 여지 있음
# - https://www.twoistoomany.com/blog/2023/04/12/pydantic-mypy-plugin-in-pyproject/
plugins = ["pydantic.mypy", "strawberry.ext.mypy_plugin"]


##############################################################################
# 빌드 시스템 설정
##############################################################################
[build-system]
requires = ["poetry-core"]
build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"


##############################################################################
# virtualenv 설정
# - 프로젝트에서 peotry 명령 호출 시 venv가 없다면 '.venv' 경로에 생성
##############################################################################
[virtualenvs]
create = true
in-project = true
path = ".venv"

Additional Context

• I already run 'Invaidate Caches` in pycharm.

Upvote & Fund

• We're using Polar.sh so you can upvote and help fund this issue.
• We receive the funding once the issue is completed & confirmed by you.
• Thank you in advance for helping prioritize & fund our backlog.

[evan-hwang]

I found anwser.

in strawberry module import graphql.

strawberry/exceptions/init.py

...
from graphql import GraphQLError
...

but my project already same name directory like this:

├── graphql
└── __init__.py

because of my awful python skill. 😓

how can i avoid? need change my graphql directory name?

plz help me!

[SarthakNikhal]

Can I work on this issue?

[erikwrede]

@evan-hwang Hey there!

Firstly, there's never such a thing as "awful Python skill". It's all about learning and growing!

Regarding your issue, the way Python's import system works is by prioritizing the first occurrence it finds in sys.path list. So it is likely that your graphql module appears before the actual graphql module.

If you have trouble doing these, I'd recommend renaming your module. It's generally a good practice to avoid naming your modules/packages same as those of standard/most used libraries to avoid any clashes. Alternatively you can put you graphql module in a submodule, e.g. a folder structure of your_app_name/graphql and then run your_app_name

Erik

[erikwrede]

@SarthakNikhal I don't think there's anything to work on here from our side.

[evan-hwang]

@erikwrede

Eric, your exceptionally gracious responses have deeply touched me.

While I haven't fully comprehended the latter approach you mentioned, I have opted to change the name of my directory using the former method.

Thank you!