Enable support for Python 3.12

[soininen]

This PR enables support for Python 3.12 and higher and removes dependencies no longer required since we dropped Dagster.

All developer requirements are now in dev-requirements.txt including the ones needed to build the documentation.

Re #2522

Checklist before merging

• [ ] Unit tests pass

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 65.65%. Comparing base (fc9a23b) to head (612e27e).

:exclamation: Current head 612e27e differs from pull request most recent head 26b4e82. Consider uploading reports for the commit 26b4e82 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2771      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   65.74%   65.65%   -0.10%     
==========================================
  Files         196      196              
  Lines       35998    35995       -3     
  Branches     6119     6118       -1     
==========================================
- Hits        23668    23633      -35     
- Misses      11060    11097      +37     
+ Partials     1270     1265       -5     

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