[clap-v3-utils] Remove deprecated functions

[samkim-crypto]

Problem

Solana clap-v3-utils still uses deprecated functions from clap-v2.

Summary of Changes

• Replaced a number of deprecated functions like possible_values, value_of, and multiple_occurrences with the updated functions from clap-v3.
• Deprecated some existing parser functions that can be replaced by existing clap-v3 functions
• Deprecated some panicking functions like keypair_of, keypairs_of, etc. in favor of their try_ variants

Clap-v3 has a feature deprecated that, when included, gives warnings on deprecated functions. With this PR, all the deprecated functions should either be removed or explicitly allowed (on deprecated functions). However, if I include the deprecated feature, it seems to turn this feature on in the rest of the repo on CI checks, so I left it out for now.

Fixes #

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 57.95455% with 37 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 81.8%. Comparing base (7399178) to head (838fd65). Report is 11 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           master   #34989    +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    81.7%    81.8%            
========================================
  Files         836      836            
  Lines      224834   225069   +235     
========================================
+ Hits       183847   184136   +289     
+ Misses      40987    40933    -54     

[samkim-crypto]

@CriesofCarrots @t-nelson, it would be great to get this PR merged before the migration 🙏 . Can you take one last look at the PR to check if the changes look sound?

[willhickey]

This repository is no longer in use. Please re-open this pull request in the agave repo: https://github.com/anza-xyz/agave