Add support for WASI 0.2

[yoshuawuyts]

The WASI 0.2 target will reach tier 2 in Rust 1.82. This crate supports WASI 0.1, and it would be neat if it could support WASI 0.2 as well.

I looked into it briefly, and I believe this depends on https://github.com/rust-random/getrandom/pull/499 landing first since that's used internally. Landing this in turn should enable us to update the polling crate, which uses fastrand in its test suite.