[3006.x][BACKPORT] Fix utf8 handling in 'pass' renderer and make it more robust #64300

[mbebjak]

What does this PR do?

Backports fixes from https://github.com/saltstack/salt/pull/64300

What issues does this PR fix or reference?

Fixes: https://github.com/saltstack/salt/issues/65349

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[mbebjak]

@dwoz rebased

[jbartak]

Any update please? @dwoz

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