Fix vector and matrix division for cartesian product ring

[whoami730]

Fixes #40626.

• Enables vector division by scalar, vector and matrix
• Enables matrix division by scalar and matrix

:memo: Checklist

• [x] The title is concise and informative.
• [x] The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
• [x] I have linked a relevant issue or discussion.
• [x] I have created tests covering the changes.
• [x] I have updated the documentation and checked the documentation preview.

:hourglass: Dependencies

#40648: fixes segfaults during multiplication by inverse

[github-actions[bot]]

Documentation preview for this PR (built with commit 97ba63f941f548db731efa32699b05c450ade676; changes) is ready! :tada: This preview will update shortly after each push to this PR.

[fchapoton]

you could have instead written "TESTS:"

the logic is that a line ending by "::" must be followed by an empty line then an indented block

[whoami730]

you could have instead written "TESTS:"

the logic is that a line ending by "::" must be followed by an empty line then an indented block

Thanks, updated.

[user202729]

I'd wait for the dependency first, so far I haven't really looked into what this change does.

[whoami730]

@user202729 Requesting a review for this PR. Thanks in advance!

[cxzhong]

Hello, please merge the last develop branch. @whoami730