[CORE-2069]: Changes to support using S3 FIPS Endpoints

[andijcr]

Changes to testing and cloud storage infrastructure in order to be able to point Redpanda at FIPS compliant S3 endpoints in AWS (go to "Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)" row on table in linked page).

waiting for this https://github.com/redpanda-data/redpanda/pull/18106 to merge

Backports Required

• [X] none - not a bug fix
• [ ] none - this is a backport
• [ ] none - issue does not exist in previous branches
• [ ] none - papercut/not impactful enough to backport
• [ ] v24.1.x
• [ ] v23.3.x
• [ ] v23.2.x

Release Notes

• None