Refactor RMM resources to implement `cuda::memory_resource` concepts and deprecate and remove `device_memory_resource` and `host_memory_resource` base classes.

[harrism]

Part of #1443

### Tasks that should not require prior work
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1446
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1448
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1453
- [x] Add `rmm::device_check_resource_adaptor::get_upstream_resource`
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1450
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1481
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1455

### Tasks that would remove APIs that return a `device_memory_resource`
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1540
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1541
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/pull/1491
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1500

### Final tasks that will have considerable downstream effects
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1596
- [ ] https://github.com/rapidsai/rmm/issues/1457

[harrism]

For the ones with downstream effects we should build the new solution beside the existing one, then switch the downstream to the new, then deprecate the old, then in the following release remove the deprecated functionality.