gh-119786: remove part of devguide documentation which is duplicated in InternalDocs

[iritkatriel]

The exception table format is described in https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/InternalDocs/exception_handling.md.

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://cpython-devguide--1334.org.readthedocs.build/

[ezio-melotti]

Now it looks ok: https://cpython-devguide--1334.org.readthedocs.build/internals/interpreter/#error-handling