Python 3.13.0b1: exec() does not populate locals()

[hroncok]

Bug report

Bug description:

x.py

xxx = 118888

readx.py

def f():
    with open("x.py", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        exec(compile(f.read(), "x.py", "exec"))
    return locals()["xxx"]

print(f())

shell

$ python3.12 readx.py
118888

$ python3.13 readx.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".../readx.py", line 6, in <module>
    print(f())
          ~^^
  File ".../readx.py", line 4, in f
    return locals()["xxx"]
           ~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^
KeyError: 'xxx'

This breaks e.g. pillow 10.3.0 which has:

def get_version():
    version_file = "src/PIL/_version.py"
    with open(version_file, encoding="utf-8") as f:
        exec(compile(f.read(), version_file, "exec"))
    return locals()["__version__"]

In https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/blob/10.3.0/setup.py#L23

CPython versions tested on:

3.13

Operating systems tested on:

Linux