Use new `@deprecated` decorator

[ffl096]

The @deprecated decorator has been proposed in PEP 702 and is part of Python 3.13. The huge benefit of the decorator is that it moves deprecations into the type system, allowing type checkers to catch calls to these methods. Runtime DeprecationWarnings are raised automatically and only once on first use.

As usual, the @deprecated decorator is backported to older versions of Python in typing_extensions. We can use the native implementation warnings.deprecated once Python 3.13+ is the minimum version.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 97.37%. Comparing base (e1f4089) to head (4298a41).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #352      +/-   ##
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- Coverage   97.37%   97.37%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          37       37              
  Lines        3545     3543       -2     
==========================================
- Hits         3452     3450       -2     
  Misses         93       93              

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