update dependency

[dhruvak001]

• [x] Closes #10417
• [x] User visible changes (including notable bug fixes) are documented in whats-new.rst

Update Minimum Dependencies

The minimum required versions for several key dependencies have been updated to their latest stable releases.

Details

python: >=3.10 -> >=3.11
numpy: >=1.24 -> >=1.26
packaging: >=23.2 -> >=24.0
pandas: >=2.1 -> >=2.2
scipy: -> >=1.13
numbagg: -> >=0.8
numba: >=0.54 -> >=0.59
flox: -> >=0.9
netCDF4: -> >=1.6.0
zarr: -> >=2.18
sparse: -> >=0.15
cartopy: -> >=0.23
Removed pydap; python_version

[dcherian]

Thanks for taking this on. We'll need to update our CI yaml files too to update python 3.10 -> 3.11. Usually I just search for 3.10 and replace all occurences.

We'll also need a table in whats-new.rst listing out the changes. Just copy a table from a previous entry in that file.

[dcherian]

Let's leave the cleanup to a future PR. This is a major step forward. Thanks @dhruvak001 , welcome to Xarray!

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