Ruby implement memsize functions for native types

[casperisfine]

Fix: https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/issues/10280

This allows Ruby to report a more correct estimation of the memory used by these objects.

It's useful when running memory profilers against applications.

cc @zhangskz @haberman

[casperisfine]

@haberman thanks. I updated Arena_memsize according to your suggestions.

[haberman]

Thanks for the changes. Would you be able to submit the ruby-upb.c/.h changes to https://github.com/protocolbuffers/upb/blob/main/upb/arena.h and https://github.com/protocolbuffers/upb/blob/main/upb/arena.c, which is that code's primary location.

We can create a new function upb_Arena_SpaceAllocated() that is then called from here.

[casperisfine]

. Would you be able to submit the ruby-upb.c/.h changes to ...

Done! https://github.com/protocolbuffers/upb/pull/729

[haberman]

If you rebase on main it should pick up the upb_Arena_SpaceAllocated() function that is there now.

[casperisfine]

Rebeased.

[haberman]

I think we need one more rebase here (I think this conflicted with your other change).

[casperisfine]

Oh wow, I had forgotten about this one. I'll rebase.

[casperisfine]

Done.

[haberman]

The Ruby 2.6 test failed with:

ruby/ext/google/protobuf_c/protobuf.c:417: void ObjectCache_Add(const void *, VALUE): Assertion `ObjectCache_Get(key) == val' failed. Aborted (core dumped)

It's hard to see how this PR would have caused that error. I'll try re-running that test.

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