Loading W3C provenance ontology into Protege causes errors

[rpgoldman]

When I load the W3C Provenance ontology into Protege, I get these log messages. The "Illegal redeclarations of entities" warnings are the ones that seem concerning:

  INFO  10:21:15  Loading ontology from http://www.w3.org/ns/prov
   INFO  10:21:15  [GitRepo] Git repository detected: /Users/rpg/projects/xplan/paml/.git
   INFO  10:21:15  [GitRepo] On branch: revise-imports
   INFO  10:21:15  Notice: root element does not have an xml:base. Relative IRIs will be resolved against http://www.w3.org/ns/prov
   INFO  10:21:15  Imported ontology document http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o# was not resolved to any documents defined in the ontology catalog.
   WARN  10:21:16  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: wasRevisionOf, AnnotationProperty: wasRevisionOf]
   WARN  10:21:16  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: specializationOf, AnnotationProperty: specializationOf]
   INFO  10:21:16  Finished loading imported ontology at http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o#
   INFO  10:21:16  Imported ontology document http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o-inverses# was not resolved to any documents defined in the ontology catalog.
   INFO  10:21:16  Notice: root element does not have an xml:base. Relative IRIs will be resolved against http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o-inverses#
   WARN  10:21:16  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: wasRevisionOf, AnnotationProperty: wasRevisionOf]
   WARN  10:21:16  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: specializationOf, AnnotationProperty: specializationOf]
   INFO  10:21:16  Finished loading imported ontology at http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-o-inverses#
   INFO  10:21:16  Imported ontology document http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-aq# was not resolved to any documents defined in the ontology catalog.
   INFO  10:21:16  Notice: root element does not have an xml:base. Relative IRIs will be resolved against http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-aq#
   INFO  10:21:16  Finished loading imported ontology at http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-aq#
   INFO  10:21:16  Imported ontology document http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-dc# was not resolved to any documents defined in the ontology catalog.
   INFO  10:21:17  Notice: root element does not have an xml:base. Relative IRIs will be resolved against http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-dc#
   WARN  10:21:17  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: wasRevisionOf, AnnotationProperty: wasRevisionOf]
   WARN  10:21:17  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: specializationOf, AnnotationProperty: specializationOf]
   INFO  10:21:17  Finished loading imported ontology at http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-dc#
   INFO  10:21:17  Imported ontology document http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-dictionary# was not resolved to any documents defined in the ontology catalog.
   INFO  10:21:17  Finished loading imported ontology at http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-dictionary#
   INFO  10:21:17  Imported ontology document http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-links# was not resolved to any documents defined in the ontology catalog.
   INFO  10:21:18  Notice: root element does not have an xml:base. Relative IRIs will be resolved against http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-links#
   WARN  10:21:18  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: wasRevisionOf, AnnotationProperty: wasRevisionOf]
   WARN  10:21:18  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: specializationOf, AnnotationProperty: specializationOf]
   INFO  10:21:18  Finished loading imported ontology at http://www.w3.org/ns/prov-links#
   WARN  10:21:18  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasRevisionOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: wasRevisionOf, AnnotationProperty: wasRevisionOf]
   WARN  10:21:18  Illegal redeclarations of entities: reuse of entity http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf in punning not allowed [ObjectProperty: specializationOf, AnnotationProperty: specializationOf]
   INFO  10:21:18  Finished loading http://www.w3.org/ns/prov

I suspect that this is happening because somehow these properties are being used (set in instances?) without being declared, so they default to (?) AnnotationProperty, and then they are discovered to be ObjectPropertys. But it seems wrong that this is happening in what is an "official" ontology.

Also... if these are "illegal," why are they logged as warnings instead of errors?

[swartik]

The W3 Provenance ontology is not valid OWL. The issue you observed has been around since the beginning. I've seen the discussion thread before, but unfortunately I couldn't find it today. Given the length of time the problem has been known but not fixed, I wouldn't count on it ever being resolved.

If you need to use PROV-O, you may want to do what others have done: create your own version that doesn't re-declare entities.