Native Debian packaging

[ottok]

What problem does this PR solve?

Have a debian/ subdirectory upstream with native Debian packaging, so .deb packages can be created directly from master branch or the purposes of testing that new changes upstream do not regress Debian packaging, and/or can be used to publish .deb packages directly by PingCAP.

The contents of this debian/ is similar, but not identical to the non-native official packaging (if) in Debian.

Related to: #2508

What is changed and how it works?

Given the proper build environment with extra PPA enabled, running dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc can produce .deb packages out of this.

Additional changes are needed for a full end-to-end build automation solution. For example the debian/changelog entry and version are now static.

Check List

Tests

• [x] Integration test
• [x] Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)

Code changes

Branch includes commits from

Side effects #2538 and #2601 which should be reviewed and merged separately, and this PR later rebased and merged as the last thing.

• [x] Increased code complexity

NONE

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