Add TiCDC Debezium Protocol Docs

[hongyunyan]

First-time contributors' checklist

• [ ] I've signed Contributor License Agreement that's required for repo owners to accept my contribution.

What is changed, added or deleted? (Required)

Which TiDB version(s) do your changes apply to? (Required)

Tips for choosing the affected version(s):

By default, CHOOSE MASTER ONLY so your changes will be applied to the next TiDB major or minor releases. If your PR involves a product feature behavior change or a compatibility change, CHOOSE THE AFFECTED RELEASE BRANCH(ES) AND MASTER.

For details, see tips for choosing the affected versions (in Chinese).

• [x] master (the latest development version)
• [x] v8.0 (TiDB 8.0 versions)
• [ ] v7.6 (TiDB 7.6 versions)
• [ ] v7.5 (TiDB 7.5 versions)
• [ ] v7.4 (TiDB 7.4 versions)
• [ ] v7.1 (TiDB 7.1 versions)
• [ ] v6.5 (TiDB 6.5 versions)
• [ ] v6.1 (TiDB 6.1 versions)
• [ ] v5.4 (TiDB 5.4 versions)
• [ ] v5.3 (TiDB 5.3 versions)
• [ ] v5.2 (TiDB 5.2 versions)
• [ ] v5.1 (TiDB 5.1 versions)
• [ ] v5.0 (TiDB 5.0 versions)

What is the related PR or file link(s)?

https://github.com/pingcap/tiflow/pull/10197 https://github.com/pingcap/tiflow/pull/10307

• This PR is translated from:
• Other reference link(s):

Do your changes match any of the following descriptions?

• [ ] Delete files
• [ ] Change aliases
• [ ] Need modification after applied to another branch
• [ ] Might cause conflicts after applied to another branch

[hongyunyan]

/cc @flowbehappy @Benjamin2037 @breezewish

[lilin90]

/retest

[lilin90]

/ok-to-test

[ti-chi-bot[bot]]

@flowbehappy: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

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[ti-chi-bot[bot]]

@lilin90: Your lgtm message is repeated, so it is ignored.

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[lilin90]

@hongyunyan Please take a look at @qiancai's comments. Thanks!

[lilin90]

@qiancai All your comments have been addressed. PTAL again~ Thanks!

[ti-chi-bot[bot]]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-03-07 05:59:05.926089195 +0000 UTC m=+319572.948335583: :ballot_box_with_check: agreed by lilin90.
• 2024-03-14 08:03:41.147587405 +0000 UTC m=+931848.169833786: :ballot_box_with_check: agreed by qiancai.

[lilin90]

/approve

[ti-chi-bot[bot]]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: lilin90

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