Mixtures of compounds

[deadlyvices]

Something that has just occurred to me is that we need to address the handling of mixtures of compounds. Essential oils are classic examples of such. Alex Clark has done some work on this already, and he claims that there is no file format that handles these already. He's developed a tool which he says addresses this. https://cheminf20.org/2018/08/27/mixtures-cheminformatics/ I suspect that, contrary to Clark's intuition, CML is more than up to the job of handling this. I'd like to kick off a discussion about the representation of mixtures in CML and solicit some initial suggestions about how to tackle these.

[deadlyvices]

Here's a link to Clark's work: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13321-019-0357-4

[petermr]

Yes cml can hold mixtures without problem and the components can be annotated. Use occupancy to give the ratios of molecules

On Sat, 5 Oct 2019, 17:41 Clyde Davies, [email protected] wrote:

Some that has just occurred to me is that we need to address the handling of mixtures of compounds. Essential oils are classic examples of such. Alex Clark has done some work on this already, and he claims that there is no file format that handles these already. He's developed a tool which he says addresses this. https://cheminf20.org/2018/08/27/mixtures-cheminformatics/ I suspect that, contrary to Clark's intuition, CML is more than up to the job of handling this. I'd like to kick off a discussion about the representation of mixtures in CML and solicit some initial suggestions about how to tackle these.

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[deadlyvices]

Thinking about this some more, I hit on a useful analogy from my development work. Say, for the sake of argument, you're building an interface in WPF and you want to use a Grid layout. Grids have RowDefinitions and ColumnDefinitions. These have Height and Width properties.

Now, when it comes to sizing these, you can use absolute or relative sizing. Absolute means you just specify a value such as Width = "20". Relative sizing means that you have an arbitrary unit, the 'star', and you specify the values such as "3*" or "5*. So what you can end up with is a mixed definition

<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <ColumnDefinition Width="50.5" />  <!-- Fixed width: 50.5 device units) -->
    <ColumnDefinition Width="69*" />   <!-- Take 69% of remainder -->
    <ColumnDefinition Width="31*"/>    <!-- Take 31% of remainder -->
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

You can see how this approach would be ideally applicable to mixtures of compounds! You could specify absolute concentrations, such as '0.05M n-BuLi' and then relative concentrations such as '1:3 THF/hexanes' using either absolute or 'star' sizing. 'Hexanes' itself would be a mixture in its own right. So, I suppose the next question is: does CML support the idea of relative and absolute occupancies?

[petermr]

On Sun, Oct 6, 2019 at 10:55 AM Clyde Davies [email protected] wrote:

<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />  <!-- Auto-fit to content, 'Hi' -->
<ColumnDefinition Width="50.5" />  <!-- Fixed width: 50.5 device units) -->
<ColumnDefinition Width="69*" />   <!-- Take 69% of remainder -->
<ColumnDefinition Width="31*"/>    <!-- Take 31% of remainder -->

</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

Thanks - probably also possible in HTML5/CSS.

You can see how this approach would be ideally applicable to mixtures of compounds!

The frequency tables are in percentages so we actually need something like: (NOTE - I have forgotten chunks of CML) <moleculeArray> // does this exist? // 15 percent // 50 percent // calculate the remainder </moleculeArray>

We have certainly done this and published it but I can't remember where!

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[deadlyvices]

It's called moleculeList in CML. But yes, that would work. And if we want to specify ratios we could use something like

<moleculeList>
  <molecule occupancy="0.15" idref="mols:m1"/> // 15 percent
  <molecule occupancy="0.50" idref="mols:m2"/> // 50 percent
  <moleculeList occupancy="*">
     <molecule occupancy="75" idref="mols:m3"/> //say n-hexane
     <molecule occupancy="25" idref="mols:m4"/> //say 2-methyl-pentane
  </moleculeList>
</moleculeList>

to specify ratios of remainders

[petermr]

Good We may have to tweak the semantics of occupancy We can in principle have variables as well as numbers

On Sun, 6 Oct 2019, 15:21 Clyde Davies, [email protected] wrote:

It's called moleculeList in CML. But yes, that would work. And if we want to specify ratios we could use something like

<moleculeList> // does this exist? // 15 percent // 50 percent <moleculeList occupancy="*"> //say n-hexane //say 2-methyl-pentane </moleculeList> </moleculeList>

to specify ratios of remainders

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[deadlyvices]

How do variables work in specifying occupancy? Not sure I can see this.

[petermr]

From memory it's something like 0.1 <moleculeList> ... ... </moleculeList>

But the syntax is probably wildly off. I'd look in the CMLPolymer paper to start with...

P.

BTW I am always ready for skype/hangout calls at short notice - I am online most of the time although I also do exercises.

I am really keen to get automatic extraction done. I will investigate Stanford NLP . Have opened new Issue for this.

On Mon, Oct 7, 2019 at 10:50 AM Clyde Davies [email protected] wrote:

How do variables work in specifying occupancy? Not sure I can see this.

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[deadlyvices]

Just seen the new issue. I have dabbled with the Stanford software, but only really scratched the surface. I'd suggest we tackle variable occupancies later. There's enough work to be getting on with

[petermr]

On Mon, Oct 7, 2019 at 12:32 PM Clyde Davies [email protected] wrote:

I'd suggest we tackle variable occupancies later. There's enough work to be getting on with

Agreed. In CEV/DAVE we'll be reading in known fixed values.

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