[2025-03-18] Upgrade to Artifact Registry

[trivikr]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

Container Registry is deprecated and scheduled for shutdown on 2025-03-18. Google Cloud recommends upgrading to Artifact Registry: https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs/transition/prepare-gcr-shutdown

The nodejs-org project uses Container Registry

$ gcloud container images list-gcr-usage --project=nodejs-org --filter="usage=ACTIVE"
---
repository: gcr.io/nodejs-org
usage: ACTIVE

Describe the solution you'd like

Follow guide for Set up repositories with gcr.io domain support https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs/transition/setup-gcr-repo

Additional context

Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/build/issues/3697#issuecomment-2137861247