`<deque>`: Investigate ASan annotations

[CaseyCarter]

https://blog.trailofbits.com/2024/09/10/sanitize-your-c-containers-asan-annotations-step-by-step/ talks about some great work the LLVM folks have been doing enabling more ASan annotations in libc++. Notably they mention using new APIs added to the ASan runtime to add annotations to std::deque. Now that MSVC's ASan has been mostly upstreamed and we're all but living-at-head (Thanks @barcharcraz!) we should be able to annotate std::deque similarly.