[CI] Enhance build Pipeline Reliability with Retry Logic and Improved Error Messaging

[lei9444]

Summary of the Pull Request

This update improves the reliability of the .NET installation process in the pipeline by adding a retry mechanism and enhancing error handling. The following changes have been made:

1. Added a 3-time retry logic to increase the success rate of the installation process.
2. Implemented correct error messaging to be thrown when the download fails, making troubleshooting easier and more efficient.

before update:

After (testing with an incorrect URL):

PR Checklist

• [ ] Closes: #xxx
• [ ] Communication: I've discussed this with core contributors already. If work hasn't been agreed, this work might be rejected
• [ ] Tests: Added/updated and all pass
• [ ] Localization: All end user facing strings can be localized
• [ ] Dev docs: Added/updated
• [ ] New binaries: Added on the required places
  • [ ] JSON for signing for new binaries
  • [ ] WXS for installer for new binaries and localization folder
  • [ ] YML for CI pipeline for new test projects
  • [ ] YML for signed pipeline
• [ ] Documentation updated: If checked, please file a pull request on our docs repo and link it here: #xxx

Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments

Validation Steps Performed