tree: Add data input and output APIs

[CraigMacomber]

Description

Currently tree has some issues related to ambiguity. Some ways to round trip data can lose type information in some cases.

This PR shows how to detect and avoid schema with those problems, and provides APIs to do data input put and out which leverage that, as well as avoid it (the verbose APIs).

Reviewer Guidance

The review process is outlined on this wiki page.

Details like incorrect API tagging, missing exports, missing implementations are known: feedback on them is not needed yet.

Open Questions:

• How should error handling work? create can fail due to ambiguity of invalid data (ex: NaN), but we might also want a version that takes more relaxed type, and thus can error in more cases. Should it error as thrown exceptions, or report back structured errors? Maybe ad a tryCreate that returns errors?

[changeset-bot[bot]]

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Latest commit: 6b9d4b98931a638ef44d2645358ded63f2748fd0

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[msfluid-bot]

⯅ @fluid-example/bundle-size-tests: +245 Bytes

Metric Name	Baseline Size	Compare Size	Size Diff
aqueduct.js	460.88 KB	460.92 KB	⯅ +35 Bytes
azureClient.js	559.03 KB	559.08 KB	⯅ +49 Bytes
connectionState.js	680 Bytes	680 Bytes	■ No change
containerRuntime.js	261.68 KB	261.69 KB	⯅ +14 Bytes
fluidFramework.js	401.63 KB	401.64 KB	⯅ +14 Bytes
loader.js	134.17 KB	134.19 KB	⯅ +14 Bytes
map.js	42.43 KB	42.44 KB	⯅ +7 Bytes
matrix.js	146.59 KB	146.6 KB	⯅ +7 Bytes
odspClient.js	526.18 KB	526.23 KB	⯅ +49 Bytes
odspDriver.js	97.8 KB	97.82 KB	⯅ +21 Bytes
odspPrefetchSnapshot.js	42.76 KB	42.78 KB	⯅ +14 Bytes
sharedString.js	163.27 KB	163.28 KB	⯅ +7 Bytes
sharedTree.js	392.09 KB	392.1 KB	⯅ +7 Bytes
Total Size	3.3 MB	3.3 MB	⯅ +245 Bytes

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Baseline commit: 9219dc8c3831af699ebceb9a0a306272c9fe4933

Generated by :no_entry_sign: dangerJS against 86778130fe8e70d9fe85ce5c291817334496109e

[CraigMacomber]

Better versions of these API (implemented and with some testing) are in https://github.com/microsoft/FluidFramework/pull/22566