CloudFormation + ECS (Fargate) + RDS + CodePipeline + CloudWatch

What's the Point?

The purpose of this repository is to provide the necessary tools for a single-command provisioning of a high-availability, Fargate-backed ECS cluster to which you can deploy your application. The included templates and shell scripts should be reviewed before you use them in a production environment.

The provided Cloud Formation templates can easily be extended to support multiple web services, to use some other web application framework, to use an Auto Scaling Group controlled by CloudWatch, et cetera.

What You'll Get

After successfully creating the Cloud Formation stack you'll have:

• a high-availability (multi-AZ) ECS cluster
• a load balancer routing requests to 2 instances (one in each AZ) of a Rails 5 application connected to an RDS Postgres database
• zero-downtime deploys to ECS via AWS Code Pipeline
• automatic application of cluster-safe migrations
• centralized logging with CloudWatch
• a human-readible (kinda) hostname (from the LB) at which you can point your web browser

What You Won't Get

There are a few things deliberately omitted from this repository, namely:

• CertificateManager/SSL support
• Zone53/DNS integration

Local Development

To run the application in development mode:

docker-compose -f ./websvc/docker-compose.yml up

then, verify that the application is accessible:

curl -v 'http://localhost:3333/posts'

Deploying to AWS + CI

0. Prerequisites

• Docker and Docker Compose
• AWS CLI version >= 1.14.11 configured to use the us-east-1 as its default region (for Fargate support)
• jq version >= jq-1.5, for querying stack output-JSON
• an AWS access key id and secret access key which has admin-level permissions for your AWS account
• a fork of this repository (so that you can integrate with AWS Code Pipeline)

1. Create a GitHub Personal Token for CI

Go here and follow the steps to create a personal access token for AWS Code Pipeline. The token must have access to the repo scope. Store this token somewhere.

1. Create the Stacks

First, pick an globally unique, alphanumeric name for your stack:

export CF_DEMO_ENVIRONMENT=riskypiglet

The following command will create the ECR stack (which holds your application's Docker images), the S3 stack (which holds your Cloud Formation templates), and the master stack (which defines a VPC, ALB, ECS cluster, etc.). Note: Your application will be built and pushed to this new ECR repository during the stack creation process.

./infrastructure/cloud-formation/scripts/deploy.sh ${CF_DEMO_ENVIRONMENT} [GH username] [GH repo] [GH branch] [GH token]

an example invocation:

./infrastructure/cloud-formation/scripts/deploy.sh brazenface laser cloud-formation-ecs-docker-circle-ci master tokengoeshere

Once your stack reaches the CREATE_COMPLETE state (it could take 30+ minutes), interrogate the stack outputs to obtain the web service URL and Code Pipeline URL. We'll use both of these values in later steps.

export APP_URL=$(aws cloudformation \
   describe-stacks \
   --query 'Stacks[0].Outputs[?OutputKey==`WebServiceUrl`].OutputValue' \
   --stack-name ${CF_DEMO_ENVIRONMENT} | jq '.[0]' | sed -e "s;\";;g")

export CI_URL=$(aws cloudformation \
   describe-stacks \
   --query 'Stacks[0].Outputs[?OutputKey==`PipelineUrl`].OutputValue' \
   --stack-name ${CF_DEMO_ENVIRONMENT} | jq '.[0]' | sed -e "s;\";;g")

2. Trigger a Build

Simulate something that a developer would do, e.g. update the app:

perl -e \
    'open IN, "</usr/share/dict/words";rand($.) < 1 && ($n=$_) while <IN>;print $n' \
        | { read palabra; sed -i -e "s/\(<h1>\).*\(<\/h1>\)/<h1>${palabra}<\/h1>/g" ./websvc/app/views/posts/index.html.erb; }

Then, simply push your changes to the branch you configured in Step 1. Once the build is complete, ECS will perform a blue/green deploy to your cluster. You can follow the state of your build by navigating to the URL assigned to ${CI_URL}:

open ${CI_URL}

3. Interact with the Application

After the stack has come online, make a request to it and verify that everything works:

curl -v ${APP_URL}/posts

...or in a loop:

while true; do curl -v ${APP_URL}/posts; sleep 1; done

Note: It can take a few minutes for a successful build to make its way to the ECS cluster.

4. Deleting Everything

To delete all the stacks you've created, run the following:

./infrastructure/cloud-formation/delete-stacks.sh ${CF_DEMO_ENVIRONMENT}

5. Messing with the Cloud Formation Templates

If you've made changes to the Cloud Formation YAML and want to see those changes reflected in your stack, run the following:

./infrastructure/cloud-formation/scripts/deploy.sh ${CF_DEMO_ENVIRONMENT} [GH username] [GH repo] [GH branch] [GH token]

TODO

• [x] replace embedded app with Rails
• [ ] SSL
• [ ] Route53
• [ ] tailing (or equivalent) CloudWatch logs example
• [ ] ensure that the ALB path is configured correctly (add more paths to app)
• [x] Code Pipeline + Code Deploy
• [x] modify healthcheck to help differentiate from user requests in the logs
• [x] RDS instance + app to read database
• [x] provision an IAM user for CI and add AmazonEC2ContainerRegistryFullAccess policy
• [x] deploy script should get container and task family names from stack output
• [x] one-off task to run migrations before updating service