Upgrade Autoscaler Components to use Debian 12 Distroless

[jhawkins1]

Which component are you using?: Cluster Autoscaler and VPA

Is your feature request designed to solve a problem? If so describe the problem this feature should solve.:

Since Debian 12 Distroless is available, as well as, the latest releases of Kubernetes and many of the Kubernetes related projects have moved to Debian 12, we would request that Autoscaler Components move to Debian 12 Distroless. The other benefit of moving to Debian 12 is there is a population of current and future Operating System Vulnerabilities (CVEs) that Debian is not addressing in Debian 11 but only Debian 12.

Alignment of OS to other Kubernetes related Projects. Reduces fan-out of multiple OSes or different versions of OSes across components. Potential benefits as to being able to obtain OS patches for vulnerabilities where Debian has decided only to fix in latest LTS release.

Describe the solution you'd like.: Upgrade Autoscaler components to use Debian 12 Distroless.

Describe any alternative solutions you've considered.: n/a

Additional context.: n/a