GEP: Describe Backend Properties

[youngnick]

What would you like to be added:

As people have started implementing Gateway API, some functionality has come up that:

• is tightly bound to the backend (which is usually a Service)
• Can't easily be added to the Service resource

But that we need a way to represent in the API.

The first examples that came up are:

• TLS details for (re)encryption between the Gateway and the backend. That is, the backend must have a way to store a serving TLS keypair that represents its service identity. (This one in particular has a lot of crossover with Mesh/GAMMA) use cases.
• HTTP Websocket protocol needs to be able to be turned on somewhere in the API, but requires the backend implementing it to support it.

These are certainly not the only things that we'll need to add to this sort of construct though, so it must be extensible and designed with the future in mind.

This GEP covers the work to design and implement solutions to these problems.

As @shaneutt suggested, the first step will be implementing a provisional GEP that sets out the terms of what we're doing - the "What" and "Why" of the solution, and then once we're on the same page, we'll talk more about the "How".

Part of this GEP process should also be clarifying if we're using Policy Attachment for this, and why we've chosen to use it or not.

Why this is needed:

Layer 7 implementations already allow both of the first functionality, solving these in a more general way will give us a path towards adding more things.

[youngnick]

/kind gep

[youngnick]

Okay, I've started something rough in https://docs.google.com/document/d/1M8EPrZKuhYsQjHnVrdsBxU8mVPKUWUYLXW9qE_Et9-Y/edit?usp=sharing .

Remember that we're working first on a "what" and a "why", not on a "how" yet. Let's do a Provisional GEP agreeing on those things, then we can move to the "how".

[mikemorris]

That is, the backend must have a way to store a serving TLS keypair that represents its service identity. (This one in particular has a lot of crossover with Mesh/GAMMA) use cases.

One interesting twist here is that for mesh cases it may be preferable for the TLS identity to be assigned by a mesh controller rather than specified manually (but maybe possible to override? manual specification likely needed for non-mesh cases too) which could suggest a status field for exposing this to consumers.

[evankanderson]

Would it be reasonable for the mesh to fill in the TLS details in the ServiceMetadata? Perhaps a spec/status split where the mesh could fill in the status if the cert was not specified in spec.

[howardjohn]

I mentioned this elsewhere but IMO application TLS and mesh encryption (which is not always tls...) should be kept entirely separated

[youngnick]

I think that having a space in the status of resources to put generated TLS details makes some sense, but I think that we need to resolve the confusion about what we're putting in spec first, when you do want to request. Then, any status info can be added to that same resource.

[robscott]

As suggested by @mikemorris in Slack, it seems useful to describe why we ended up removing BackendPolicy earlier. Unfortunately we didn't leave much of a paper trail, but here's what I remember:

• We didn't feel confident in this API
• It had not been implemented by anyone
• Many of the concepts we'd tried to add (health checks, timeouts, etc) were not as portable as we hoped and couldn't fit in this resource
• We were trying to release v1alpha2 and this specific resource didn't seem to make the cut for that new API version
• Policy attachment seemed like a promising pattern for this type of configuration, and this resource both did not use the policy attachment model and had naming that made it look like it should

As always, feel free to correct me if I got anything wrong or missed anything.

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/lifecycle stale

[evankanderson]

Hey, did GEP-1282 get checked in? Does it address the needs described in https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api/discussions/1244, particularly the ability to distinguish between upstreams that support HTTP/2 and / or websockets, vs those which do not?

[evankanderson]

/remove-lifecycle stale

[dprotaso]

My take away from the Nov 14 community meeting (notes,video) is the GEP is going through a redux with a reduced scope of dealing with backend TLS.

Use cases are being gathered here - https://docs.google.com/document/d/17sctu2uMJtHmJTGtBi_awGB0YzoCLodtR6rUNmKMCs8/edit

This doesn't address the needs described in https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api/discussions/1244 and no one is driving that at the moment.

[youngnick]

Thanks @dprotaso, that's correct.

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/lifecycle stale

[evankanderson]

/remove-lifecycle stale

I still care about this! As a refresher, for Knative, we'd like to be able to specify the following upstream server behavior using a consistent (Gateway-API conformance tested) interface:

• Route HTTP requests to this upstream, expect the upstream to speak TLS using the following CA and SAN
  • This seems to be supported on (at least) Contour, Istio, Nginx and Traefik, though it's specified different ways for each -- sometimes in-line, sometimes as a separate object, sometimes as a wrapper around a Kubernetes Service.
• Specify the flavors of HTTP request (minimum: http/2, websocket, http/2+websocket) that the upstream can support. This could simply be pass-through of the protocols, or it could be conversion of e.g. HTTP/3 to HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2.
  • For Knative Serving, we could probably live with a conformance rule that said "must be able to pass through http/2+websocket` and then handle the conversion in Go code in our infrastructure before the user container.

If those should be separate GEPs, that seems fine.

[youngnick]

yeah, I think that this one has not gone well because I leaned too deep into combining everything into a single type, and then it had a large impact on many things. I'm working with @candita at the moment on how we can make something smaller, that just covers managing a TLS connection between the data plane and the backend, using the new Direct Attached Policy type that is being introduced in #1565 (once I get that merged, anyway).

Once we've got something smaller done there, I think we can look at if we continue adding smaller, tightly scoped Policy objects, or do something bigger with a more involved design.

[dprotaso]

I'm splitting out the backend protocol selection from this GEP to https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api/issues/1911 TLS use cases have already been split out here https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/gateway-api/issues/1897