Upgrade external-provisioner to use Debian 12 Distroless

[jhawkins1]

Is your feature request related to a problem?/Why is this needed

Describe the solution you'd like in detail

Since Debian 12 Distroless is available, as well as, the latest releases of Kubernetes and many of the Kubernetes related projects have moved to Debian 12, we would request that external-provisioner move to Debian 12 Distroless to align with other Kubernetes components.

Benefits: Alignment of the Container OS being used to other Kubernetes Components and related Projects. Reduces fan-out of multiple OSes or different versions of OSes across components. Potential benefits as to being able to obtain OS patches for vulnerabilities where Debian has decided only to fix in latest LTS (Debian 12) release and not older LTS releases.

Describe alternatives you've considered

Additional context