Consolidate go mod dependency versions across repositories

[gman0]

Feature Description

kcp already has a lot of repositories, with a lot of (inter-)dependencies but no way to manage them centrally. This makes it hard to keeping them in sync, and rebasing is also more difficult than it has to be because of that.

We have hack/verify-go-modules.sh script that attempts to check dependency versions against k/k, but it's a rather manual process.

Proposed Solution

Kubernetes has a mono-repository structure with the staging dir in k/k that's replicated into separate repos. Could this be something we want to implement?

Alternative Solutions

Implement a GH action that checks dependencies across the repos in the project.

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Additional Context

No response