Create Makefile and instructions for installation from source

[mtilda]

This PR adds a Makefile and instructions to make installation from source easier.

For instructions on how to test, read the additions made to the readme file.

Admittedly, this is optimized for Linux. To make this OS agnostic, we will want to set INSTALL_PATH based on the OS. For information on how we can do this, see Stack Overflow: OS detecting makefile.

Feel free to add commits to this branch!