======= Protego

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/protego.svg :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/protego :alt: Supported Python Versions

.. image:: https://github.com/scrapy/protego/workflows/CI/badge.svg :target: https://github.com/scrapy/protego/actions?query=workflow%3ACI :alt: CI

Protego is a pure-Python robots.txt parser with support for modern conventions.

Install

To install Protego, simply use pip:

.. code-block:: none

pip install protego

Usage

from protego import Protego robotstxt = """ ... User-agent: * ... Disallow: / ... Allow: /about ... Allow: /account ... Disallow: /account/contact$ ... Disallow: /account/*/profile ... Crawl-delay: 4 ... Request-rate: 10/1m # 10 requests every 1 minute ... ... Sitemap: http://example.com/sitemap-index.xml ... Host: http://example.co.in ... """ rp = Protego.parse(robotstxt) rp.can_fetch("http://example.com/profiles", "mybot") False rp.can_fetch("http://example.com/about", "mybot") True rp.can_fetch("http://example.com/account", "mybot") True rp.can_fetch("http://example.com/account/myuser/profile", "mybot") False rp.can_fetch("http://example.com/account/contact", "mybot") False rp.crawl_delay("mybot") 4.0 rp.request_rate("mybot") RequestRate(requests=10, seconds=60, start_time=None, end_time=None) list(rp.sitemaps) ['http://example.com/sitemap-index.xml'] rp.preferred_host 'http://example.co.in'

Using Protego with Requests_:

from protego import Protego import requests r = requests.get("https://google.com/robots.txt") rp = Protego.parse(r.text) rp.can_fetch("https://google.com/search", "mybot") False rp.can_fetch("https://google.com/search/about", "mybot") True list(rp.sitemaps) ['https://www.google.com/sitemap.xml']

.. _Requests: https://3.python-requests.org/

Comparison

The following table compares Protego to the most popular robots.txt parsers implemented in Python or featuring Python bindings:

+----------------------------+---------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------+ | | Protego | RobotFileParser | Reppy | Robotexclusionrulesparser | +============================+=========+=================+========+===========================+ | Implementation language | Python | Python | C++ | Python | +----------------------------+---------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------+ | Reference specification | Google_ | Martijn Koster’s 1996 draft_ | +----------------------------+---------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------+ | Wildcard support_ | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | +----------------------------+---------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------+ | Length-based precedence_ | ✓ | | ✓ | | +----------------------------+---------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------+ | Performance_ | | +40% | +1300% | -25% | +----------------------------+---------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------+

.. _Google: https://developers.google.com/search/reference/robots_txt .. _Length-based precedence: https://developers.google.com/search/reference/robots_txt#order-of-precedence-for-group-member-lines .. _Martijn Koster’s 1996 draft: https://www.robotstxt.org/norobots-rfc.txt .. _Performance: https://anubhavp28.github.io/gsoc-weekly-checkin-12/ .. _Wildcard support: https://developers.google.com/search/reference/robots_txt#url-matching-based-on-path-values

API Reference

Class protego.Protego:

Properties

• sitemaps {list_iterator} A list of sitemaps specified in robots.txt.

• preferred_host {string} Preferred host specified in robots.txt.

Methods

• parse(robotstxt_body) Parse robots.txt and return a new instance of protego.Protego.

• can_fetch(url, user_agent) Return True if the user agent can fetch the URL, otherwise return False.

• crawl_delay(user_agent) Return the crawl delay specified for the user agent as a float. If nothing is specified, return None.

• request_rate(user_agent) Return the request rate specified for the user agent as a named tuple RequestRate(requests, seconds, start_time, end_time). If nothing is specified, return None.

• visit_time(user_agent) Return the visit time specified for the user agent as a named tuple VisitTime(start_time, end_time). If nothing is specified, return None.