Description of the change: Adds the golangci-lint tool to the repository to consolidate the various linting checks into a single tool. Updates the GHA workflow to run the 'make lint' Makefile target during CI runs.

Motivation for the change: Closes #1000

Reviewer Checklist

• [ ] Implementation matches the proposed design, or proposal is updated to match implementation
• [ ] Sufficient unit test coverage
• [ ] Sufficient end-to-end test coverage
• [ ] Docs updated or added to /docs
• [ ] Commit messages sensible and descriptive

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

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There's probably a bunch of linting violations here.

/hold

Codecov Report

Merging #1003 (439a228) into master (33ed9ea) will not change coverage. The diff coverage is n/a.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #1003   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   52.87%   52.87%           
=======================================
  Files         104      104           
  Lines        9468     9468           
=======================================
  Hits         5006     5006           
  Misses       3529     3529           
  Partials      933      933           

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@timflannagan: PR needs rebase.

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