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Switch LBA format (sector size) before formatting
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Most consumer SSDs ship with 512B emulation by default, even though they support 4k native. Arch installation guide has a tip about checking the optimal logical sector size before partitioning.
# nvme id-ns -H /dev/nvme0n1 | grep "LBA Format"
LBA Format 0 : Metadata Size: 0 bytes - Data Size: 512 bytes - Relative Performance: 0x2 Good (in use)
LBA Format 1 : Metadata Size: 0 bytes - Data Size: 4096 bytes - Relative Performance: 0x1 Better
# nvme format --lbaf=1 /dev/nvme0n1
This also affects the sector size LUKS will use, which can benefit performance. [1] [2]
P.S. A few NVME SSDs may not support the format command, check with:
# nvme id-ctrl -H /dev/nvme0n1
oacs : 0x17
[1:1] : 0x1 Format NVM Supported