refactor: migrate TileBuilder to typescript

[HoloTheDrunk]

Description

Create types for the tile builder section of iTowns. Improve performance of tile creation. Improve code readability of tile creation.

Depends on #2447.

Motivation and Context

This fits into the larger motion towards converting iTowns to TypeScript. Code had to be changed and moved around to allow static type checking. Some of the functions around buffer generation were cryptic and had low readability, which required additional changes. Tested on Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS x86_64 using Firefox 126.0.1 (64-bit)