covid19-review
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Draft proposed updates to risk factors/social determinants of health section
Description of the proposed additions or changes
This is a work in progress that I'm posting so it's not secretly on my computer! The goal is to tie the social side and the clinical side together via allostatic load/inflammation
Related issues
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Checklist
- [ ] Text is formatted so that each sentence is on its own line.
- [ ] Pre-prints cited in this pull request have a GitHub issue opened so that they can be reviewed.
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@juliettemarie0405 can you check your author information that I added? Just leave notes for anything you want filled in or that is wrong and I can fix it -- also, just note that you are in agreement with the code of conduct and whether you have any conflicts of interest! (I know you also sent me an email about this, I'm sorry I've been so behind!)
(Author order is determined at the end, so I put 0 for a placeholder, lol)
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@juliettemarie0405 can you check your author information that I added? Just leave notes for anything you want filled in or that is wrong and I can fix it -- also, just note that you are in agreement with the code of conduct and whether you have any conflicts of interest! (I know you also sent me an email about this, I'm sorry I've been so behind!)
(Author order is determined at the end, so I put 0 for a placeholder, lol)
just did!
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This isn't directly about COVID-19 or inflammation, but might be useful to cite: https://www.rwjf.org/en/library/research/2021/03/black-patients-are-more-likely-than-white-patients-to-be-in-hospitals-with-worse-patient-safety-conditions.html
Also, it looks like at least some people have done some research into why higher-BMI patients do worse with COVID-19. The relationship holds up even in an all-white subsample, so it isn't just confounding by racial background. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2020.586308/full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7521361/
@rando2 I found this preprint talking about allostatic load as a mediator, although it appears to be more of a narrative review rather than a new study: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.24.21250397v1.full.pdf
This paper just came out. It is a rather fancy causal mediation analysis of British data, arguing that a sizable reason for racial differences in COVID rates in the UK is "material disparities" (economic poverty). It uses some rather difficult statistical methods that I've only started to learn about myself, so if you are interested, I'd try to write a paragraph on it. However, it depends on what you want to do with this paper and I don't know whether it would fit in or not.
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurpub/ckab041/6179315
Also, this preprint looks at seropositivity rates in different demographic groups in the US last year, which might help to provide a look at overall infection rates including mild cases. For example, the rates were higher in younger than older participants, and in female than male participants; even though if you counted deaths the risks would be higher for older than younger and for male than female. The Black/African American demographic was very disproportionately affected.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33532807/
The data is a bit old though.
Hello @rando2 and @RLordan ! I don't know how to work this in, but I think it's very related to inflammation. This very new JAMA Pediatrics paper with a large sample provided evidence that MIS-C in children was due to a "delayed" immune reaction to covid-19. They also mentioned in passing that most children with this syndrome were Black or Hispanic -- although that doesn't necessarily mean that they are more vulnerable to MIS-C per se, it just might be that they are more likely to get COVID or more severe COVID, and the MIS-C may follow later. I know very little about inflammation but my rough understanding is that it has to do with the immune system. I feel like this paper is really important but am somewhat deficient in the skills I would need to explain it. If you like, I could put one of my short and vaguely worded sentences, that are just wrappers for citations, in there somewhere. But somebody who knows about immunology could do better. Trends in Geographic and Temporal Distribution of US Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic Ermias D. Belay, MD; Joseph Abrams, PhD; Matthew E. Oster, MD; et al. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2778429 The paper is discussed in an editorial here: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2778430
Hello again! Another large report about inequities has come out, this one in the Annals of Internal Medicine on April 20: COVID-19 Inequities Across Multiple Racial and Ethnic Groups: Results From an Integrated Health Care Organization https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M20-8283
This is ANOTHER new large study from the UK: Ethnic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalisation, intensive care unit admission, and death in 17 million adults in England: an observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00634-6/fulltext