fix(v2): make segment upload hedging limiter respect context

[kolesnikovae]

Previously, if the segment writer failed to upload to object storage, it could hit the hedge request rate limit and block clients ignoring the upload timeout context. This could lead to unbounded memory usage and potential OOM if object storage became unavailable. This change ensures the limiter respects the upload context.

[kolesnikovae]

cc @alsoba13

[alsoba13]

Sorry for the delay.

LGTM