ref(profiling): Conditionally shim cjs globals

[JonasBa]

The shims should only be applied if the globals are not present, else it results in double decl and a runtime error. The profiling SDK should gracefully handle env where the shims are already provided.

I couldn't find a way to modify the shim as it is hardcoded in the plugin we are using so I went with the replace plugin approach and a placeholder value #poormansmacros.

Fixes https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-javascript/issues/13259

[JonasBa]

~I need to add an e2e test before this can be merged~

[JonasBa]

@AbhiPrasad mind taking another look, I added the check to run experimental modules and bumped to v22 of nodejs for profiling e2e tests

[JonasBa]

Thanks for the reviews @AbhiPrasad @mydea!