Discard envelopes on `4xx` and `5xx` response

[adinauer]

:scroll: Description

Envelopes are now discarded on a 4xx or 5xx response instead of retrying them.

• For 4xx it's most likely an SDK (e.g. incorrect serialization) or envelope problem (e.g. too large) where retry does not make sense.
• We decided to also not retry on a 5xx response in order not to take down Sentry by accumulating lots of envelopes in case of an outage where after restoring functionality Sentry is hit by too many requests.

:bulb: Motivation and Context

Fixes #4921 Fixes #4936

:green_heart: How did you test it?

:pencil: Checklist

• [ ] I added GH Issue ID & Linear ID
• [ ] I added tests to verify the changes.
• [ ] No new PII added or SDK only sends newly added PII if sendDefaultPII is enabled.
• [ ] I updated the docs if needed.
• [ ] I updated the wizard if needed.
• [ ] Review from the native team if needed.
• [ ] No breaking change or entry added to the changelog.
• [ ] No breaking change for hybrid SDKs or communicated to hybrid SDKs.

:crystal_ball: Next steps

[github-actions[bot]]

🚨 Detected changes in high risk code 🚨

High-risk code has higher potential to break the SDK and may be hard to test. To prevent severe bugs, apply the rollout process for releasing such changes and be extra careful when changing and reviewing these files:

• [ ] sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/transport/AsyncHttpTransport.java

[github-actions[bot]]

Performance metrics :rocket:

	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
Startup time	318.68 ms	394.94 ms	76.26 ms
Size	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	558.75 KiB

Baseline results on branch: main

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
f634d01652b3f4ddf21398daf541b63620228184	359.58 ms	433.88 ms	74.30 ms
9fbb1127f2d985a834f669b39d88441f21bdbf8c	401.87 ms	515.87 ms	114.00 ms
d5a29b63ebae46648f71d2061ff84809a0259c18	298.62 ms	391.78 ms	93.16 ms
bbc35bb115c7c17672d4bef1fbec1a122307bbae	298.53 ms	372.17 ms	73.64 ms
b3d8889a0ebafa274fe83e8d97834c5be07c5361	420.46 ms	453.71 ms	33.26 ms
a5ab36fc4bf89f972d9dbe8e6233fd651c079e5a	320.47 ms	389.77 ms	69.30 ms
ee747ae50ffec79f1ea20d100ea98e8520ab4ed4	405.43 ms	485.70 ms	80.28 ms
951caf72e161c0854233d20019ce53b1f0ca9f15	323.66 ms	392.82 ms	69.16 ms
b6702b024bee02602949a16ed586081ef16d5806	395.86 ms	409.98 ms	14.12 ms
27d7cf8ded2a2dccde9ce035bb92f27c2dc81caf	369.82 ms	422.62 ms	52.80 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
f634d01652b3f4ddf21398daf541b63620228184	1.58 MiB	2.10 MiB	533.40 KiB
9fbb1127f2d985a834f669b39d88441f21bdbf8c	1.58 MiB	2.11 MiB	539.18 KiB
d5a29b63ebae46648f71d2061ff84809a0259c18	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	549.37 KiB
bbc35bb115c7c17672d4bef1fbec1a122307bbae	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	553.01 KiB
b3d8889a0ebafa274fe83e8d97834c5be07c5361	1.58 MiB	2.10 MiB	535.07 KiB
a5ab36fc4bf89f972d9dbe8e6233fd651c079e5a	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	555.26 KiB
ee747ae50ffec79f1ea20d100ea98e8520ab4ed4	1.58 MiB	2.10 MiB	530.95 KiB
951caf72e161c0854233d20019ce53b1f0ca9f15	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	558.77 KiB
b6702b024bee02602949a16ed586081ef16d5806	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	551.79 KiB
27d7cf8ded2a2dccde9ce035bb92f27c2dc81caf	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	549.42 KiB

Previous results on branch: feat/do-not-retry-4xx-and-5xx

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
3819f1978b35aebc915ed6b10ebb96b7d7b3b530	321.95 ms	383.09 ms	61.14 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
3819f1978b35aebc915ed6b10ebb96b7d7b3b530	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	558.75 KiB

[github-actions[bot]]

🚨 Detected changes in high risk code 🚨

High-risk code has higher potential to break the SDK and may be hard to test. To prevent severe bugs, apply the rollout process for releasing such changes and be extra careful when changing and reviewing these files:

• [ ] sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/transport/AsyncHttpTransport.java

[github-actions[bot]]

🚨 Detected changes in high risk code 🚨

High-risk code has higher potential to break the SDK and may be hard to test. To prevent severe bugs, apply the rollout process for releasing such changes and be extra careful when changing and reviewing these files:

• [ ] sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/transport/AsyncHttpTransport.java

[github-actions[bot]]

🚨 Detected changes in high risk code 🚨

High-risk code has higher potential to break the SDK and may be hard to test. To prevent severe bugs, apply the rollout process for releasing such changes and be extra careful when changing and reviewing these files:

• [ ] sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/transport/AsyncHttpTransport.java