Add collectors and background service for measurements

[adinauer]

:scroll: Description

:bulb: Motivation and Context

:green_heart: How did you test it?

:pencil: Checklist

• [ ] I reviewed the submitted code
• [ ] I added tests to verify the changes
• [ ] I updated the docs if needed
• [ ] No breaking changes

:crystal_ball: Next steps

[github-actions[bot]]

	Fails
:no_entry_sign:	Please consider adding a changelog entry for the next release.

Instructions and example for changelog

Please add an entry to CHANGELOG.md to the "Unreleased" section. Make sure the entry includes this PR's number.

Example:

## Unreleased

- Add collectors and background service for measurements ([#2239](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/2239))

If none of the above apply, you can opt out of this check by adding #skip-changelog to the PR description.

Generated by :no_entry_sign: dangerJS against 2f01147c327b51d168dc6e5e042e99dc2d1c19d3

[adinauer]

@philipphofmann the exact measurements we collect are still in flux but the code around it could be given a high level review regarding its concept.

[github-actions[bot]]

Performance metrics :rocket:

	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
Startup time	278.02 ms	341.94 ms	63.92 ms
Size	1.74 MiB	2.34 MiB	613.94 KiB

Baseline results on branch: main

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
3d89dea01bc94d77c82e013014fd7be0541fff62	322.38 ms	350.82 ms	28.45 ms
3d89dea01bc94d77c82e013014fd7be0541fff62	345.59 ms	364.06 ms	18.47 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
3d89dea01bc94d77c82e013014fd7be0541fff62	1.74 MiB	2.33 MiB	604.92 KiB
3d89dea01bc94d77c82e013014fd7be0541fff62	1.74 MiB	2.33 MiB	604.92 KiB

[romtsn]

superseded by #2445