Fix: Breadcrumbs added on forked context are now captured

[lucas-zimerman]

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This PR brings more native context data to be synced with captured events and also allows hint breadcrumbs to be properly registered, for example:

    Sentry.captureException(new Error(`${Date.now()}: a test error occurred`), (context) => {
      return context.addBreadcrumb({ message: 'test' });
    });

will now be registered on the event, including the native events:

Additional notes on the PR:

• No Required changes were needed to support it on iOS.
• Android had an required refactor in order to capture Envelopes no longer by files.
• some iOS specific properties are now working with both Android and iOS
• Improved the device context sync on both Android and iOS.

🛑 Blocked by

• [x] https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/issues/3470
• [x] https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-cocoa/issues/4043

Closes #263

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This pull request has gone three weeks without activity. In another week, I will close it.

But! If you comment or otherwise update it, I will reset the clock, and if you label it Status: Backlog or Status: In Progress, I will leave it alone ... forever!

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"A weed is but an unloved flower." ― Ella Wheeler Wilcox 🥀