Add ROS2 version of Stopwatch

[andermi]

🎉 New feature

Summary

Add a ROS2 version of math::Stopwatch that can make use of rclcpp::Clock and sim time via /clock

Test it

Check test/test_stopwatch.cpp for examples

Checklist

• [x] Signed all commits for DCO
• [x] Added tests
• [ ] Added example and/or tutorial
• [ ] Updated documentation (as needed)
• [ ] Updated migration guide (as needed)
• [ ] Consider updating Python bindings (if the library has them)
• [ ] codecheck passed (See contributing)
• [x] All tests passed (See test coverage)
• [ ] While waiting for a review on your PR, please help review another open pull request to support the maintainers

Note to maintainers: Remember to use Squash-Merge and edit the commit message to match the pull request summary while retaining Signed-off-by messages.