ObjectModel refactor

[bugs181]

Overview Progress:

• [ ] Add additional ObjectModel types
• [ ] Get rid of unnecessary looping for left-over schema
• [ ] De-duplicate code by using a protect() function
• [ ] Restructure code so it is easier to read and maintain
• [ ] Convert ObjectModel Errors to TypeErrors
• [ ] Detect getter/setters and copy them appropriately

Add additional ObjectModel types:

• [ ] Optional
• [ ] Array
• [ ] Null
• [ ] Undefined
• [ ] Falsey