core/rawdb, triedb/pathdb: implement history indexer

[rjl493456442]

This pull request is part-1 for shipping the core part of archive node over path mode. These following things have been implemented:

• state history index definition
• state history indexer
• state history reader

[MariusVanDerWijden]

Are we loosing something if we use the account hash over the account address?

[rjl493456442]

Totat storage size of a fully-sych'd archive node is around 1.9TB

gary@dev:~/hdd2$ du -sh geth-ancient-mainnet-archive/
1.5T    geth-ancient-mainnet-archive/
gary@dev:~/hdd2$ du -sh geth-ancient-mainnet-archive/ancient/chain/
921G    geth-ancient-mainnet-archive/ancient/chain/
gary@dev:~/hdd2$ du -sh geth-ancient-mainnet-archive/ancient/state
539G    geth-ancient-mainnet-archive/ancient/state

gary@dev:~$ du -sh mount/geth/geth
413G    mount/geth/geth

+-----------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+
|       DATABASE        |          CATEGORY           |    SIZE    |   ITEMS    |
+-----------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+
| Key-Value store       | Headers                     | 2.37 MiB   |       3640 |
| Key-Value store       | Bodies                      | 333.02 MiB |       3640 |
| Key-Value store       | Receipt lists               | 316.00 MiB |       3639 |
| Key-Value store       | Difficulties (deprecated)   | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Block number->hash          | 149.26 KiB |       3639 |
| Key-Value store       | Block hash->number          | 888.96 MiB |   22735156 |
| Key-Value store       | Transaction index           | 13.84 GiB  |  401645299 |
| Key-Value store       | Log index filter-map rows   | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Log index last-block-of-map | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Log index block-lv          | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Log bloombits (deprecated)  | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Contract codes              | 10.19 GiB  |    1699192 |
| Key-Value store       | Hash trie nodes             | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Path trie state lookups     | 888.86 MiB |   22732693 |
| Key-Value store       | Path trie account nodes     | 47.26 GiB  |  409852077 |
| Key-Value store       | Path trie storage nodes     | 179.98 GiB | 1791011965 |
| Key-Value store       | Path state history indexes  | 290.62 GiB | 4112383456 |
| Key-Value store       | Verkle trie nodes           | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Verkle trie state lookups   | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Trie preimages              | 2.07 MiB   |      31025 |
| Key-Value store       | Account snapshot            | 13.75 GiB  |  299285136 |
| Key-Value store       | Storage snapshot            | 95.42 GiB  | 1322797351 |
| Key-Value store       | Beacon sync headers         | 18.25 MiB  |      29397 |
| Key-Value store       | Clique snapshots            | 0.00 B     |          0 |
| Key-Value store       | Singleton metadata          | 202.94 MiB |         15 |
| Ancient store (Chain) | Headers                     | 10.92 GiB  |   22731517 |
| Ancient store (Chain) | Hashes                      | 823.78 MiB |   22731517 |
| Ancient store (Chain) | Bodies                      | 655.40 GiB |   22731517 |
| Ancient store (Chain) | Receipts                    | 253.37 GiB |   22731517 |
| Ancient store (State) | Storage.Index               | 203.80 GiB |   22732692 |
| Ancient store (State) | Account.Data                | 141.52 GiB |   22732692 |
| Ancient store (State) | Storage.Data                | 50.38 GiB  |   22732692 |
| Ancient store (State) | History.Meta                | 1.67 GiB   |   22732692 |
| Ancient store (State) | Account.Index               | 141.45 GiB |   22732692 |
+-----------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+
|                                    TOTAL            |  2.06 TIB  |            |
+-----------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+